From here, Chick attacks the Catholic Church’s Marian Theology.   Essentially, his attacks focus on the Church’s teaching on the Immaculate Conception, Mary’s similarities with female deities, and the idea of Mary as the “co-redemptrix.”   Let me begin with the Immaculate Conception. The Immaculate Conception             The Immaculate Conception of Mary was officially defined as a teaching of the Catholic Church in the 1854 encyclical Ineffabilis Deus [ Ineffable God ] by Pope Pius IX.   Essentially, here is the teaching:             According to traditional Christian theology, Jesus of Nazareth is understood to be “fully human” and “fully God.” [1]   His human side would, of course, come from his mother, Mary, because another traditional Christian teaching is that ...